feat(schedule): 周期抓取调度取代每日定点下载

应到/实到数据各自独立周期抓取(启用+激活时段+频率)，抓取与处理解耦，抓完自动落库(复用现有 _persist_to_db 钩子)。

- state_store: 新增 fetch_schedule 表(site,kind)；所有连接加 timeout=3.0 防并发锁；get/set/get_all_fetch_schedules、create_task_if_idle(周期去重)、allowed_kinds；get_all_config 改返回 fetch_schedules；旧 set_schedule 标废弃。修复 get_all_fetch_schedules 列错位(_fetch_spec(r[2:]))。
- server: IntervalTrigger + _in_active_window(含跨午夜) + _enqueue_fetch(就绪门/激活窗口/去重) + _reschedule_fetch + lifespan 按(site,kind)注册 + FetchScheduleSpec + PUT/GET /config 新结构。
- runtime/store/BFF: 零改动。

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

inbound_verify/cli/server.py

@@ -17,11 +17,12 @@ import queue
 import threading
 import time
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Dict, Optional
 
 import uvicorn
 from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler
-from apscheduler.triggers.cron import CronTrigger
+from apscheduler.triggers.interval import IntervalTrigger
 from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
 from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
 from pydantic import BaseModel
@@ -98,46 +99,76 @@ def _worker_loop():
     print(">> [worker] 已退出。")
 
 
-def _enqueue_undelivered(site):
+def _in_active_window(active_start, active_end):
-    """定时 job：把该站 undelivered 任务投到队列（worker 串行处理；本线程不碰 Playwright）。"""
+    """当前本地时间是否落在激活时段内（避免半夜空跑）。
+    - start/end 任一为空 → 不限时段（24h 活跃）
+    - start == end（非空）→ 视为全天活跃
+    - start < end → 半开区间 [start, end)
+    - start > end → 跨午夜（如 22:00-06:00）：now >= start 或 now < end
+    """
+    if not active_start or not active_end:
+        return True
+    now = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M")
+    if active_start == active_end:
+        return True
+    if active_start < active_end:
+        return active_start <= now < active_end
+    return now >= active_start or now < active_end
+
+
+def _enqueue_fetch(site, kind):
+    """周期 job 回调：worker 就绪 + 在激活时段内 + 该(site,kind)无未完成任务时，投递一次抓取任务。
+    跑在 APScheduler 线程池线程——绝不碰 Playwright，只经 SQLite + task_queue 通信。"""
+    if not worker_state["ready"]:
+        return  # worker 未就绪：与 POST /tasks 的 409 同义，下个周期补抓
+    cfg = state_store.get_fetch_schedule(site, kind)
+    if not cfg or not cfg["enabled"]:
+        return  # 已禁用（job 本应已注销，双重保险）
+    if not _in_active_window(cfg["active_start"], cfg["active_end"]):
+        return  # 不在激活时段，跳过本次 fire
     try:
-        tid = state_store.create_task(site, "undelivered")
+        tid = state_store.create_task_if_idle(site, kind)
-        task_queue.put((tid, {"site": site, "kind": "undelivered"}))
+        if tid is None:
-        print(f">> [定时] 投递 {site}/undelivered 任务 #{tid}")
+            return  # 上一次同类任务还没跑完，跳过避免堆积
+        task_queue.put((tid, {"site": site, "kind": kind}))
+        print(f">> [周期] 投递 {site}/{kind} 任务 #{tid}")
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f">> [定时] 投递 {site} 失败: {e}")
+        print(f">> [周期] 投递 {site}/{kind} 失败: {e}")
 
 
-def _reschedule_site(site):
+def _reschedule_fetch(site, kind):
-    """按持久化配置（重新）注册或取消该站的每日定时 job。"""
+    """按持久化配置（重新）注册或取消该 (site,kind) 的周期抓取 job（IntervalTrigger）。"""
-    job_id = f"site_{site}"
+    job_id = f"{site}_{kind}"
     try:
         scheduler.remove_job(job_id)
     except Exception:
         pass
-    cfg = state_store.get_all_config().get(site)
+    cfg = state_store.get_fetch_schedule(site, kind)
-    if not cfg or not cfg.get("schedule_enabled") or not cfg.get("schedule_time"):
+    if not cfg or not cfg["enabled"] or cfg["interval_minutes"] < 1:
-        return
+        return  # 未启用或频率非法：不注册（等同取消）
     try:
-        hh, mm = cfg["schedule_time"].split(":")
         scheduler.add_job(
-            _enqueue_undelivered,
+            _enqueue_fetch,
-            CronTrigger(hour=int(hh), minute=int(mm)),
+            IntervalTrigger(minutes=cfg["interval_minutes"]),
-            args=[site],
+            args=[site, kind],
             id=job_id,
             replace_existing=True,
         )
-        print(f">> [定时] 已注册 {site} 每日 {cfg['schedule_time']} 下载")
+        print(
+            f">> [周期] 已注册 {site}/{kind}：每 {cfg['interval_minutes']} 分钟"
+            f"（激活 {cfg['active_start'] or '不限'}~{cfg['active_end'] or '不限'}）"
+        )
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f">> [定时] 注册 {site} 失败: {e}")
+        print(f">> [周期] 注册 {site}/{kind} 失败: {e}")
 
 
 @asynccontextmanager
 async def lifespan(_app):
     """服务启停：起 worker 线程 / 通知 worker 停。"""
     state_store.init_db()  # 先建表/迁移状态库，确保早于 worker 就绪的 /api/status 可用
-    for site in ALL_SITES:  # 按持久化配置注册各站每日定时 job
+    for site in ALL_SITES:  # 按持久化配置注册各站各 kind 的周期抓取 job
-        _reschedule_site(site)
+        for kind in state_store.allowed_kinds(site):
+            _reschedule_fetch(site, kind)
     scheduler.start()
     print(">> [定时] 调度器已启动")
     t = threading.Thread(target=_worker_loop, daemon=True)
@@ -197,20 +228,28 @@ def get_status():
     }
 
 
+class FetchScheduleSpec(BaseModel):
+    enabled: bool
+    active_start: str = ""
+    active_end: str = ""
+    interval_minutes: int
+
+
 class ConfigRequest(BaseModel):
     expected_offset: Optional[int] = None
     actual_offset: Optional[int] = None
+    # DEPRECATED：旧"每日定点"字段，保留一个发布周期兼容旧前端请求（收到即忽略）
     schedule_enabled: Optional[bool] = None
     schedule_time: Optional[str] = None
     settings: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
+    fetch_schedules: Optional[Dict[str, FetchScheduleSpec]] = None
 
 
 def _default_cfg():
     return {
         "expected_offset": 0,
         "actual_offset": 0,
-        "schedule_enabled": False,
+        "fetch_schedules": {},
-        "schedule_time": "",
     }
 
 
@@ -225,7 +264,6 @@ def get_config():
 def set_config(site: str, req: ConfigRequest):
     if site not in ALL_SITES:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"未知站点: {site}")
-    cur = state_store.get_all_config().get(site, _default_cfg())
     # 应到/实到偏移（百世锁定当天）
     for kind, val in (
         ("expected", req.expected_offset),
@@ -237,18 +275,25 @@ def set_config(site: str, req: ConfigRequest):
                     status_code=400, detail="百世固定下载当天，不可配置偏移"
                 )
             state_store.set_offset(site, kind, val)
-    # 每日定时（所有站可配，含百世）
+    # 周期抓取调度（应到/实到各自独立；百世只允许 undelivered）
-    if req.schedule_enabled is not None or req.schedule_time is not None:
+    if req.fetch_schedules:
-        enabled = (
+        allowed = state_store.allowed_kinds(site)
-            req.schedule_enabled
+        for kind, spec in req.fetch_schedules.items():
-            if req.schedule_enabled is not None
+            if kind not in allowed:
-            else cur["schedule_enabled"]
+                raise HTTPException(
+                    status_code=400,
+                    detail=f"站点 {site} 不支持抓取类型 {kind}（允许: {list(allowed)}）",
                 )
-        time_str = (
+            interval = max(1, min(1440, int(spec.interval_minutes)))
-            req.schedule_time if req.schedule_time is not None else cur["schedule_time"]
+            state_store.set_fetch_schedule(
+                site,
+                kind,
+                spec.enabled,
+                spec.active_start,
+                spec.active_end,
+                interval,
             )
-        state_store.set_schedule(site, enabled, time_str)
+            _reschedule_fetch(site, kind)
-        _reschedule_site(site)
     # 站点专属配置（密码/账号/路径…）
     if req.settings:
         for k, v in req.settings.items():

inbound_verify/state_store.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def _now():
 def init_db():
     """建库建表（幂等）。确保 state 目录存在。"""
     os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(STATE_DB_PATH), exist_ok=True)
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         conn.execute("""
             CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS site_status (
                 site                     TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
@@ -121,6 +121,21 @@ def init_db():
                 PRIMARY KEY (site, kind)
             )
             """)
+        # 周期性抓取调度（每 site×kind 一行）：取代旧 site_config.schedule_* 的每日单时点。
+        # enabled=总开关；active_start/end=激活时段"HH:MM"（空=不限时段，避免半夜空跑）；
+        # interval_minutes=激活时段内的抓取间隔。百世 kind 固定为 undelivered（无应到/实到二分）。
+        conn.execute("""
+            CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS fetch_schedule (
+                site             TEXT NOT NULL,
+                kind             TEXT NOT NULL,
+                enabled          INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+                active_start     TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+                active_end       TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+                interval_minutes INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 30,
+                updated_at       TEXT,
+                PRIMARY KEY (site, kind)
+            )
+            """)
         conn.commit()
 
 
@@ -202,14 +217,14 @@ def _upsert(conn, site, **fields):
 def set_login_state(site, logged_in):
     """更新单站登录态。logged_in: bool。"""
     state = LOGIN_IN if logged_in else LOGIN_OUT
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         _upsert(conn, site, login_state=state, login_checked_at=_now())
 
 
 def reset_login_states(sites):
     """启动时把给定站点的登录态重置为 unknown（避免显示上一会话的陈旧登录态）。
     登录态是会话级的；数据态（文件就绪）会话无关、保留不动，心跳就绪后会重新探测。"""
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         for site in sites:
             _upsert(conn, site, login_state=LOGIN_UNKNOWN, login_checked_at="")
 
@@ -223,7 +238,7 @@ def set_data_state(site, kind, ready, generated_at, business_date=None):
     }
     if business_date is not None:
         fields[f"{kind}_business_date"] = business_date or ""
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         _upsert(conn, site, **fields)
 
 
@@ -231,7 +246,7 @@ def get_all_status():
     """返回 {site: {各字段}}；库不存在则返回 {}。"""
     if not os.path.exists(STATE_DB_PATH):
         return {}
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         rows = conn.execute(
             "SELECT site, login_state, login_checked_at, expected_ready, "
             "expected_generated_at, expected_business_date, actual_ready, "
@@ -260,7 +275,7 @@ def get_all_status():
 
 def set_ingest_state(site, kind, ok, count=0, error=None):
     """记录一次入库结果（UPSERT）。ok: bool；count: 入库条数；error: 失败原因或 None。"""
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         conn.execute(
             "INSERT INTO ingest_state (site, kind, ok, ingested_at, count, error) "
             "VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?) "
@@ -276,7 +291,7 @@ def get_all_ingest_state():
     """返回 {site: {kind: {ok, ingested_at, count, error}}}；库不存在返回 {}。"""
     if not os.path.exists(STATE_DB_PATH):
         return {}
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         rows = conn.execute(
             "SELECT site, kind, ok, ingested_at, count, error FROM ingest_state"
         ).fetchall()
@@ -301,7 +316,7 @@ def get_offset(site, kind="expected"):
     col = "expected_offset" if kind == "expected" else "actual_offset"
     if not os.path.exists(STATE_DB_PATH):
         return 0
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         row = conn.execute(
             f"SELECT {col} FROM site_config WHERE site=?", (site,)
         ).fetchone()
@@ -312,7 +327,7 @@ def set_offset(site, kind, offset):
     """设置单站下载日期偏移（kind: 'expected'/'actual'），钳制到 [0, MAX_DATE_OFFSET]。"""
     col = "expected_offset" if kind == "expected" else "actual_offset"
     offset = max(0, min(MAX_DATE_OFFSET, int(offset)))
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         conn.execute(
             f"INSERT INTO site_config (site, {col}, updated_at) VALUES (?, ?, ?) "
             f"ON CONFLICT(site) DO UPDATE SET {col}=excluded.{col}, "
@@ -324,9 +339,10 @@ def set_offset(site, kind, offset):
 
 
 def set_schedule(site, enabled, time_str):
-    """设置单站每日定时下载（enabled: bool；time_str: 'HH:MM' 或 ''）。"""
+    """【DEPRECATED】旧"每日单时点定时"——已被 fetch_schedule 的周期+激活时段模式取代。
+    保留死代码以防外部残留调用；新代码请用 set_fetch_schedule。"""
     enabled_int = 1 if enabled else 0
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         conn.execute(
             "INSERT INTO site_config (site, schedule_enabled, schedule_time, updated_at) "
             "VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?) "
@@ -339,24 +355,129 @@ def set_schedule(site, enabled, time_str):
     return bool(enabled_int), (time_str or "")
 
 
-def get_all_config():
+# ============================ 周期性抓取调度（fetch_schedule）============================
-    """返回 {site: {expected_offset, actual_offset, schedule_enabled, schedule_time}}。"""
+# 取代旧 site_config.schedule_* 的"每日单时点"：每 site×kind 一行，
-    if not os.path.exists(STATE_DB_PATH):
+# 在激活时段 [active_start, active_end) 内按 interval_minutes 周期抓取。
-        return {}
+# 应到/实到各自独立配置；百世只有 undelivered（站点直供未到明细，无应到/实到二分）。
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+
-        rows = conn.execute(
+# 各站允许的周期抓取 kind（单一来源，server.py 复用）
-            "SELECT site, expected_offset, actual_offset, schedule_enabled, schedule_time "
+SITE_FETCH_KINDS = {
-            "FROM site_config"
+    "顺心": ("expected", "actual"),
-        ).fetchall()
+    "中通": ("expected", "actual"),
-    return {
+    "韵达": ("expected", "actual"),
-        r[0]: {
+    "安能": ("expected", "actual"),
-            "expected_offset": int(r[1]),
+    "百世": ("undelivered",),
-            "actual_offset": int(r[2]),
-            "schedule_enabled": bool(r[3]),
-            "schedule_time": r[4] or "",
 }
+
+DEFAULT_FETCH_SCHEDULE = {
+    "enabled": False,
+    "active_start": "",
+    "active_end": "",
+    "interval_minutes": 30,
+}
+
+
+def allowed_kinds(site):
+    """该站允许的周期抓取 kind 元组；未知站点返回空元组。"""
+    return SITE_FETCH_KINDS.get(site, ())
+
+
+def _fetch_spec(row):
+    """把 fetch_schedule 行转成 spec dict。"""
+    return {
+        "enabled": bool(row[0]),
+        "active_start": row[1] or "",
+        "active_end": row[2] or "",
+        "interval_minutes": int(row[3]),
+    }
+
+
+def get_fetch_schedule(site, kind):
+    """读单 (site,kind) 周期抓取配置；未配置返回 None。"""
+    if not os.path.exists(STATE_DB_PATH):
+        return None
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
+        row = conn.execute(
+            "SELECT enabled, active_start, active_end, interval_minutes "
+            "FROM fetch_schedule WHERE site=? AND kind=?",
+            (site, kind),
+        ).fetchone()
+    return _fetch_spec(row) if row else None
+
+
+def set_fetch_schedule(site, kind, enabled, active_start, active_end, interval_minutes):
+    """UPSERT 单 (site,kind) 周期抓取配置；返回写入后的 spec dict。"""
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
+        conn.execute(
+            "INSERT INTO fetch_schedule "
+            "(site, kind, enabled, active_start, active_end, interval_minutes, updated_at) "
+            "VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?) "
+            "ON CONFLICT(site, kind) DO UPDATE SET "
+            "enabled=excluded.enabled, active_start=excluded.active_start, "
+            "active_end=excluded.active_end, interval_minutes=excluded.interval_minutes, "
+            "updated_at=excluded.updated_at",
+            (
+                site,
+                kind,
+                1 if enabled else 0,
+                (active_start or ""),
+                (active_end or ""),
+                int(interval_minutes),
+                _now(),
+            ),
+        )
+        conn.commit()
+    return {
+        "enabled": bool(enabled),
+        "active_start": active_start or "",
+        "active_end": active_end or "",
+        "interval_minutes": int(interval_minutes),
+    }
+
+
+def get_all_fetch_schedules():
+    """返回 {site: {kind: spec}}；对每个站点的每个 allowed kind 都补齐（缺失用默认值）。
+    保证前端永远拿到完整 kind 集，不必前端补默认 spec。"""
+    out = {}
+    if not os.path.exists(STATE_DB_PATH):
+        for site, kinds in SITE_FETCH_KINDS.items():
+            out[site] = {k: dict(DEFAULT_FETCH_SCHEDULE) for k in kinds}
+        return out
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
+        rows = conn.execute(
+            "SELECT site, kind, enabled, active_start, active_end, interval_minutes "
+            "FROM fetch_schedule"
+        ).fetchall()
+    by_key = {(r[0], r[1]): _fetch_spec(r[2:]) for r in rows}
+    for site, kinds in SITE_FETCH_KINDS.items():
+        out[site] = {
+            k: by_key.get((site, k), dict(DEFAULT_FETCH_SCHEDULE)) for k in kinds
+        }
+    return out
+
+
+def get_all_config():
+    """返回 {site: {expected_offset, actual_offset, fetch_schedules}}。
+    站点集以 fetch_schedule 的 allowed kinds 为准（覆盖全业务站点）；offsets 缺失默认 0。"""
+    schedules = get_all_fetch_schedules()
+    offsets = {}
+    if os.path.exists(STATE_DB_PATH):
+        with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
+            rows = conn.execute(
+                "SELECT site, expected_offset, actual_offset FROM site_config"
+            ).fetchall()
+        offsets = {
+            r[0]: {"expected_offset": int(r[1]), "actual_offset": int(r[2])}
             for r in rows
         }
+    return {
+        site: {
+            "expected_offset": offsets.get(site, {}).get("expected_offset", 0),
+            "actual_offset": offsets.get(site, {}).get("actual_offset", 0),
+            "fetch_schedules": schedules.get(site, {}),
+        }
+        for site in schedules
+    }
 
 
 # ============================ 站点键值配置（site_settings）============================
@@ -367,7 +488,7 @@ def get_setting(site, key):
     """读取单站某个配置值；未设置返回 ''。"""
     if not os.path.exists(STATE_DB_PATH):
         return ""
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         row = conn.execute(
             "SELECT value FROM site_settings WHERE site=? AND key=?", (site, key)
         ).fetchone()
@@ -376,7 +497,7 @@ def get_setting(site, key):
 
 def set_setting(site, key, value):
     """设置单站某个配置值（upsert）。"""
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         conn.execute(
             "INSERT INTO site_settings (site, key, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?) "
             "ON CONFLICT(site, key) DO UPDATE SET value=excluded.value",
@@ -389,7 +510,7 @@ def get_site_settings(site):
     """返回单站全部配置 {key: value}。"""
     if not os.path.exists(STATE_DB_PATH):
         return {}
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         rows = conn.execute(
             "SELECT key, value FROM site_settings WHERE site=?", (site,)
         ).fetchall()
@@ -402,7 +523,32 @@ def get_site_settings(site):
 def create_task(site, kind):
     """新建一条 pending 任务，返回其 id。"""
     now = _now()
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
+        cur = conn.execute(
+            "INSERT INTO task_history (site, kind, status, started_at, finished_at, error) "
+            "VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, '', '')",
+            (site, kind, TASK_PENDING, now),
+        )
+        conn.commit()
+        return cur.lastrowid
+
+
+def create_task_if_idle(site, kind):
+    """周期调度专用：若该 (site,kind) 已有 pending/running 任务则返回 None（跳过本次周期），
+    否则建一条 pending 任务返回其 id。单连接内 check-then-insert，靠 SQLite 写锁把竞态压到忽略不计。
+
+    与 create_task 的区别：手动触发(POST /tasks)用 create_task（用户点的必建）；周期 job 用本函数
+    ——上一次还没跑完时跳过，避免同 (site,kind) 任务堆积。手动建的任务会让紧随其后的周期 fire
+    判到 inflight 而跳过，天然互斥。"""
+    now = _now()
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
+        row = conn.execute(
+            "SELECT 1 FROM task_history WHERE site=? AND kind=? "
+            "AND status IN (?, ?) LIMIT 1",
+            (site, kind, TASK_PENDING, TASK_RUNNING),
+        ).fetchone()
+        if row:
+            return None
         cur = conn.execute(
             "INSERT INTO task_history (site, kind, status, started_at, finished_at, error) "
             "VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, '', '')",
@@ -415,7 +561,7 @@ def create_task(site, kind):
 def update_task(task_id, status, error=None):
     """更新任务状态。终态(success/no_data/failed)写入 finished_at。"""
     finished = _now() if status in (TASK_SUCCESS, TASK_NO_DATA, TASK_FAILED) else ""
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         if finished:
             conn.execute(
                 "UPDATE task_history SET status=?, finished_at=?, error=? WHERE id=?",
@@ -431,7 +577,7 @@ def update_task(task_id, status, error=None):
 
 def get_task(task_id):
     """返回单条任务 dict，不存在返回 None。"""
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         row = conn.execute(
             "SELECT id, site, kind, status, started_at, finished_at, error "
             "FROM task_history WHERE id=?",
@@ -452,7 +598,7 @@ def get_task(task_id):
 
 def list_tasks(limit=20):
     """返回最近 limit 条任务（按 id 倒序）。"""
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         rows = conn.execute(
             "SELECT id, site, kind, status, started_at, finished_at, error "
             "FROM task_history ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT ?",
@@ -475,7 +621,7 @@ def list_tasks(limit=20):
 def fail_stale_tasks(reason: str = "服务重启，上轮未完成任务，请手动重跑") -> int:
     """worker 启动时调用：把遗留的 pending/running 任务标记为 failed，实现重启自愈。
     返回被清理的任务数量。"""
-    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH) as conn:
+    with sqlite3.connect(STATE_DB_PATH, timeout=3.0) as conn:
         cur = conn.execute(
             "UPDATE task_history SET status=?, finished_at=?, error=? "
             "WHERE status IN (?, ?)",