diff --git a/lib/pages/boxing/boxing_api_actions.dart b/lib/pages/boxing/boxing_api_actions.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e397ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/pages/boxing/boxing_api_actions.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+import 'package:pad_scanner/services/api_service.dart';
+import 'package:pad_scanner/services/app_config_service.dart';
+
+enum BoxingActionErrorKind { missingApiUrl, network, duplicate, backend }
+
+class BoxingActionResult<T> {
+  final bool success;
+  final T? data;
+  final BoxingActionErrorKind? errorKind;
+  final String? errorMessage;
+  final int? boxNo;
+
+  const BoxingActionResult._({
+    required this.success,
+    this.data,
+    this.errorKind,
+    this.errorMessage,
+    this.boxNo,
+  });
+
+  const BoxingActionResult.ok(T data) : this._(success: true, data: data);
+
+  const BoxingActionResult.error({
+    required BoxingActionErrorKind kind,
+    required String message,
+    int? boxNo,
+  }) : this._(
+         success: false,
+         errorKind: kind,
+         errorMessage: message,
+         boxNo: boxNo,
+       );
+}
+
+typedef ApiUrlLoader = Future<String?> Function();
+
+class BoxingApiActions {
+  static const networkErrorMessage = '网络异常，请检查网络连接';
+  static const missingApiUrlMessage = '未配置 API 地址，请前往设置';
+
+  final ApiService _apiService;
+  final ApiUrlLoader _loadApiUrl;
+
+  BoxingApiActions({required ApiService apiService, ApiUrlLoader? loadApiUrl})
+    : _apiService = apiService,
+      _loadApiUrl =
+          loadApiUrl ?? (() => AppConfigService().getString('api_url'));
+
+  Future<BoxingActionResult<BoxInfoResult>> fetchBoxInfo(String zongpai) async {
+    final baseUrl = await _requireBaseUrl();
+    if (baseUrl == null) return _missingApiUrl();
+
+    final result = await _apiService.fetchBoxInfo(
+      baseUrl: baseUrl,
+      zongpaiNo: zongpai,
+    );
+    if (result.success) return BoxingActionResult.ok(result);
+    return BoxingActionResult.error(
+      kind: _kindForMessage(result.errorMessage),
+      message: result.errorMessage ?? '查询失败',
+    );
+  }
+
+  Future<BoxingActionResult<BoxSaveResult>> saveBoxRecord({
+    required String zongpaiNo,
+    required int boxNo,
+    required int quantity,
+  }) async {
+    final baseUrl = await _requireBaseUrl();
+    if (baseUrl == null) return _missingApiUrl();
+
+    final result = await _apiService.saveBoxRecord(
+      baseUrl: baseUrl,
+      zongpaiNo: zongpaiNo,
+      boxNo: boxNo,
+      quantity: quantity,
+    );
+    return _saveResult(result, fallbackMessage: '提交失败');
+  }
+
+  Future<BoxingActionResult<BoxSaveResult>> updateBoxRecord({
+    required int boxItemId,
+    required int boxNo,
+    required int quantity,
+  }) async {
+    final baseUrl = await _requireBaseUrl();
+    if (baseUrl == null) return _missingApiUrl();
+
+    final result = await _apiService.updateBoxRecord(
+      baseUrl: baseUrl,
+      boxItemId: boxItemId,
+      boxNo: boxNo,
+      quantity: quantity,
+    );
+    return _saveResult(result, fallbackMessage: '修改失败');
+  }
+
+  Future<BoxingActionResult<BoxDeleteResult>> deleteBoxRecord({
+    required int boxItemId,
+  }) async {
+    final baseUrl = await _requireBaseUrl();
+    if (baseUrl == null) return _missingApiUrl();
+
+    final result = await _apiService.deleteBoxRecord(
+      baseUrl: baseUrl,
+      boxItemId: boxItemId,
+    );
+    if (result.success) return BoxingActionResult.ok(result);
+    return BoxingActionResult.error(
+      kind: _kindForMessage(result.errorMessage),
+      message: result.errorMessage ?? '删除失败',
+    );
+  }
+
+  Future<String?> _requireBaseUrl() async {
+    final baseUrl = await _loadApiUrl() ?? '';
+    if (baseUrl.isEmpty) return null;
+    return baseUrl;
+  }
+
+  BoxingActionResult<T> _missingApiUrl<T>() {
+    return const BoxingActionResult.error(
+      kind: BoxingActionErrorKind.missingApiUrl,
+      message: missingApiUrlMessage,
+    );
+  }
+
+  BoxingActionResult<BoxSaveResult> _saveResult(
+    BoxSaveResult result, {
+    required String fallbackMessage,
+  }) {
+    if (result.success) return BoxingActionResult.ok(result);
+    if (result.isDuplicate) {
+      return BoxingActionResult.error(
+        kind: BoxingActionErrorKind.duplicate,
+        message: result.errorMessage ?? fallbackMessage,
+        boxNo: result.boxNo,
+      );
+    }
+    return BoxingActionResult.error(
+      kind: _kindForMessage(result.errorMessage),
+      message: result.errorMessage ?? fallbackMessage,
+    );
+  }
+
+  BoxingActionErrorKind _kindForMessage(String? message) {
+    if (message == networkErrorMessage) return BoxingActionErrorKind.network;
+    return BoxingActionErrorKind.backend;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/lib/pages/boxing_page.dart b/lib/pages/boxing_page.dart
index 702833a..73f1f8c 100644
--- a/lib/pages/boxing_page.dart
+++ b/lib/pages/boxing_page.dart
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ import 'dart:async';
 
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
-import 'package:pad_scanner/services/app_config_service.dart';
 import 'package:pad_scanner/services/scanner_service.dart';
 import 'package:pad_scanner/services/code_parser.dart';
 import 'package:pad_scanner/services/api_service.dart';
 import 'package:pad_scanner/services/boxing_context.dart';
 import 'package:pad_scanner/services/feedback_service.dart';
+import 'package:pad_scanner/pages/boxing/boxing_api_actions.dart';
 import 'package:pad_scanner/pages/boxing/boxing_box_mutations.dart'
     as box_mutations;
 import 'package:pad_scanner/pages/boxing/boxing_calculations.dart'
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ class BoxingPage extends StatefulWidget {
 class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
   final _scannerService = ScannerService();
   final _apiService = ApiService();
+  late final BoxingApiActions _apiActions;
   final _feedbackService = FeedbackService();
   final _focusNode = FocusNode();
   StreamSubscription<ScanResult>? _scanSubscription;
@@ -100,6 +101,7 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
   @override
   void initState() {
     super.initState();
+    _apiActions = BoxingApiActions(apiService: _apiService);
     WidgetsBinding.instance.addObserver(this);
     final arguments = widget.arguments;
     if (arguments != null) {
@@ -264,38 +266,25 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
   }
 
   Future<bool> _queryBoxInfo(String zongpai) async {
-    final configService = AppConfigService();
-    final baseUrl = await configService.getString('api_url') ?? '';
-    if (baseUrl.isEmpty) {
-      _feedbackService.trigger(FeedbackEvent.submitFailure);
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        '未配置 API 地址，请前往设置',
-        StatusDotColor.red,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    final result = await _apiService.fetchBoxInfo(
-      baseUrl: baseUrl,
-      zongpaiNo: zongpai,
-    );
+    final action = await _apiActions.fetchBoxInfo(zongpai);
 
     if (!mounted) return false;
 
-    if (!result.success) {
-      final isNetwork = result.errorMessage == '网络异常，请检查网络连接';
-      _feedbackService.trigger(
-        isNetwork ? FeedbackEvent.networkError : FeedbackEvent.scanInvalid,
-      );
+    if (!action.success) {
+      _feedbackService.trigger(switch (action.errorKind) {
+        BoxingActionErrorKind.network => FeedbackEvent.networkError,
+        BoxingActionErrorKind.missingApiUrl => FeedbackEvent.submitFailure,
+        _ => FeedbackEvent.scanInvalid,
+      });
       _showStatusOverride(
-        result.errorMessage ?? '查询失败',
-        isNetwork ? StatusDotColor.yellow : StatusDotColor.red,
+        action.errorMessage ?? '查询失败',
+        _dotForActionError(action.errorKind),
         const Duration(seconds: 2),
       );
       return false;
     }
 
+    final result = action.data!;
     // 判断该总牌号是否已全部装箱完毕
     final packedQuantity = result.currentZongpaiBoxes.fold<int>(
       0,
@@ -599,33 +588,19 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
   Future<bool> _submit() async {
     if (!_canSubmit) return false;
 
-    final configService = AppConfigService();
-    final baseUrl = await configService.getString('api_url') ?? '';
-    if (baseUrl.isEmpty) {
-      _feedbackService.trigger(FeedbackEvent.submitFailure);
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        '未配置 API 地址，请前往设置',
-        StatusDotColor.red,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
-      return false;
-    }
-
     final boxNo = int.parse(_boxNoController.text);
     final quantity = int.parse(_quantityController.text);
 
     setState(() => _isSubmitting = true);
 
     final editing = _editingBox;
-    final result = editing == null
-        ? await _apiService.saveBoxRecord(
-            baseUrl: baseUrl,
+    final action = editing == null
+        ? await _apiActions.saveBoxRecord(
             zongpaiNo: _zongpaiNo!,
             boxNo: boxNo,
             quantity: quantity,
           )
-        : await _apiService.updateBoxRecord(
-            baseUrl: baseUrl,
+        : await _apiActions.updateBoxRecord(
             boxItemId: editing.boxItemId,
             boxNo: boxNo,
             quantity: quantity,
@@ -635,31 +610,23 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
 
     setState(() => _isSubmitting = false);
 
-    if (result.success) {
+    if (action.success) {
       if (editing == null) {
-        _onSubmitSuccess(boxNo, quantity, result.boxItemId);
+        _onSubmitSuccess(boxNo, quantity, action.data!.boxItemId);
       } else {
         _onUpdateSuccess(editing, boxNo, quantity);
       }
       return true;
-    } else if (result.isDuplicate) {
+    } else if (action.errorKind == BoxingActionErrorKind.duplicate) {
       _feedbackService.trigger(FeedbackEvent.duplicateBoxNo);
       _showStatusOverride(
-        '该总排号在箱号 ${result.boxNo ?? ""} 已存在，请重新输入',
+        '该总排号在箱号 ${action.boxNo ?? ""} 已存在，请重新输入',
         StatusDotColor.amber,
         const Duration(seconds: 2),
       );
       return false;
     } else {
-      final isNetwork = result.errorMessage == '网络异常，请检查网络连接';
-      _feedbackService.trigger(
-        isNetwork ? FeedbackEvent.networkError : FeedbackEvent.submitFailure,
-      );
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        result.errorMessage ?? '提交失败',
-        isNetwork ? StatusDotColor.yellow : StatusDotColor.red,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
+      _showActionError(action, fallback: '提交失败');
       return false;
     }
   }
@@ -883,20 +850,8 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
       return;
     }
 
-    final configService = AppConfigService();
-    final baseUrl = await configService.getString('api_url') ?? '';
-    if (baseUrl.isEmpty) {
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        '未配置 API 地址，请前往设置',
-        StatusDotColor.red,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
-      return;
-    }
-
     setState(() => _isSubmitting = true);
-    final result = await _apiService.updateBoxRecord(
-      baseUrl: baseUrl,
+    final action = await _apiActions.updateBoxRecord(
       boxItemId: item.boxItemId,
       boxNo: item.boxNo,
       quantity: quantity,
@@ -904,7 +859,7 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
     if (!mounted) return;
 
     setState(() => _isSubmitting = false);
-    if (result.success) {
+    if (action.success) {
       setState(() {
         _currentZongpaiBoxes = _currentZongpaiBoxes.map((box) {
           if (box.boxItemId != item.boxItemId) return box;
@@ -925,39 +880,18 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
         const Duration(milliseconds: 1500),
       );
     } else {
-      final dot = result.isDuplicate
-          ? StatusDotColor.amber
-          : StatusDotColor.red;
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        result.errorMessage ?? '修改失败',
-        dot,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
+      _showActionError(action, fallback: '修改失败');
     }
   }
 
   Future<void> _deleteAssignedItem(CurrentZongpaiBoxData item) async {
-    final configService = AppConfigService();
-    final baseUrl = await configService.getString('api_url') ?? '';
-    if (baseUrl.isEmpty) {
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        '未配置 API 地址，请前往设置',
-        StatusDotColor.red,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
-      return;
-    }
-
     setState(() => _isSubmitting = true);
-    final result = await _apiService.deleteBoxRecord(
-      baseUrl: baseUrl,
-      boxItemId: item.boxItemId,
-    );
+    final action = await _apiActions.deleteBoxRecord(boxItemId: item.boxItemId);
     if (!mounted) return;
 
     setState(() {
       _isSubmitting = false;
-      if (result.success) {
+      if (action.success) {
         _currentZongpaiBoxes = _currentZongpaiBoxes
             .where((box) => box.boxItemId != item.boxItemId)
             .toList();
@@ -971,18 +905,14 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
       }
     });
 
-    if (result.success) {
+    if (action.success) {
       _showStatusOverride(
         '删除成功',
         StatusDotColor.green,
         const Duration(milliseconds: 1500),
       );
     } else {
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        result.errorMessage ?? '删除失败',
-        StatusDotColor.red,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
+      _showActionError(action, fallback: '删除失败');
     }
   }
 
@@ -1013,20 +943,8 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
       return;
     }
 
-    final configService = AppConfigService();
-    final baseUrl = await configService.getString('api_url') ?? '';
-    if (baseUrl.isEmpty) {
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        '未配置 API 地址，请前往设置',
-        StatusDotColor.red,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
-      return;
-    }
-
     setState(() => _isSubmitting = true);
-    final result = await _apiService.updateBoxRecord(
-      baseUrl: baseUrl,
+    final action = await _apiActions.updateBoxRecord(
       boxItemId: item.boxItemId,
       boxNo: boxNo,
       quantity: quantity,
@@ -1034,7 +952,7 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
     if (!mounted) return;
 
     setState(() => _isSubmitting = false);
-    if (result.success) {
+    if (action.success) {
       setState(() {
         final index = _manyToOnePackedItems.indexWhere(
           (packed) => packed.boxItemId == item.boxItemId,
@@ -1055,14 +973,7 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
         const Duration(milliseconds: 1500),
       );
     } else {
-      final dot = result.isDuplicate
-          ? StatusDotColor.amber
-          : StatusDotColor.red;
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        result.errorMessage ?? '修改失败',
-        dot,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
+      _showActionError(action, fallback: '修改失败');
     }
   }
 
@@ -1082,27 +993,13 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
   }
 
   Future<void> _deletePackedItem(ManyToOnePackedItem item) async {
-    final configService = AppConfigService();
-    final baseUrl = await configService.getString('api_url') ?? '';
-    if (baseUrl.isEmpty) {
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        '未配置 API 地址，请前往设置',
-        StatusDotColor.red,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
-      return;
-    }
-
     setState(() => _isSubmitting = true);
-    final result = await _apiService.deleteBoxRecord(
-      baseUrl: baseUrl,
-      boxItemId: item.boxItemId,
-    );
+    final action = await _apiActions.deleteBoxRecord(boxItemId: item.boxItemId);
     if (!mounted) return;
 
     setState(() {
       _isSubmitting = false;
-      if (result.success) {
+      if (action.success) {
         _manyToOnePackedItems.removeWhere(
           (packed) => packed.boxItemId == item.boxItemId,
         );
@@ -1115,18 +1012,14 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
       }
     });
 
-    if (result.success) {
+    if (action.success) {
       _showStatusOverride(
         '删除成功',
         StatusDotColor.green,
         const Duration(milliseconds: 1500),
       );
     } else {
-      _showStatusOverride(
-        result.errorMessage ?? '删除失败',
-        StatusDotColor.red,
-        const Duration(seconds: 2),
-      );
+      _showActionError(action, fallback: '删除失败');
     }
   }
 
@@ -1141,6 +1034,30 @@ class _BoxingPageState extends State<BoxingPage> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
 
   // === Status bar management ===
 
+  StatusDotColor _dotForActionError(BoxingActionErrorKind? kind) {
+    return switch (kind) {
+      BoxingActionErrorKind.network => StatusDotColor.yellow,
+      BoxingActionErrorKind.duplicate => StatusDotColor.amber,
+      _ => StatusDotColor.red,
+    };
+  }
+
+  void _showActionError<T>(
+    BoxingActionResult<T> action, {
+    required String fallback,
+  }) {
+    _feedbackService.trigger(switch (action.errorKind) {
+      BoxingActionErrorKind.network => FeedbackEvent.networkError,
+      BoxingActionErrorKind.duplicate => FeedbackEvent.duplicateBoxNo,
+      _ => FeedbackEvent.submitFailure,
+    });
+    _showStatusOverride(
+      action.errorMessage ?? fallback,
+      _dotForActionError(action.errorKind),
+      const Duration(seconds: 2),
+    );
+  }
+
   void _showStatusOverride(String text, StatusDotColor dot, Duration duration) {
     setState(() {
       _statusOverrideText = text;
diff --git a/test/pages/boxing/boxing_api_actions_test.dart b/test/pages/boxing/boxing_api_actions_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16aac48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/pages/boxing/boxing_api_actions_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+import 'dart:convert';
+
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+import 'package:http/http.dart' as http;
+import 'package:pad_scanner/pages/boxing/boxing_api_actions.dart';
+import 'package:pad_scanner/services/api_service.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  group('BoxingApiActions', () {
+    test('returns missingApiUrl when API URL is empty', () async {
+      final actions = BoxingApiActions(
+        apiService: ApiService(
+          client: _MockClient((_) async {
+            fail('ApiService should not be called without a base URL');
+          }),
+        ),
+        loadApiUrl: () async => '',
+      );
+
+      final result = await actions.fetchBoxInfo('26B1');
+
+      expect(result.success, isFalse);
+      expect(result.errorKind, BoxingActionErrorKind.missingApiUrl);
+      expect(result.errorMessage, BoxingApiActions.missingApiUrlMessage);
+    });
+
+    test('fetchBoxInfo passes through successful data', () async {
+      final actions = BoxingApiActions(
+        apiService: ApiService(
+          client: _MockClient((request) async {
+            expect(request.url.path, '/CargoTrace/box/info');
+            expect(request.url.queryParameters['zongpai_no'], '26B1');
+            return http.Response(
+              jsonEncode({
+                'zongpai_no': '26B1',
+                'paichan_no': 'W00009',
+                'work_order_no': 'WO001',
+                'quantity': 8,
+                'current_zongpai_boxes': [
+                  {'box_item_id': 1, 'box_no': 2, 'quantity': 3},
+                ],
+                'existing_boxes': [],
+                'max_box_no': 2,
+              }),
+              200,
+              headers: {'content-type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'},
+            );
+          }),
+        ),
+        loadApiUrl: () async => 'http://localhost',
+      );
+
+      final result = await actions.fetchBoxInfo('26B1');
+
+      expect(result.success, isTrue);
+      expect(result.data?.paichanNo, 'W00009');
+      expect(result.data?.currentZongpaiBoxes.single.boxNo, 2);
+    });
+
+    test('saveBoxRecord maps duplicate and preserves box number', () async {
+      final actions = BoxingApiActions(
+        apiService: ApiService(
+          client: _MockClient((_) async {
+            return http.Response(
+              jsonEncode({
+                'error_code': 'DUPLICATE_BOX_ITEM',
+                'message': '重复装箱',
+                'box_no': 7,
+              }),
+              409,
+              headers: {'content-type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'},
+            );
+          }),
+        ),
+        loadApiUrl: () async => 'http://localhost',
+      );
+
+      final result = await actions.saveBoxRecord(
+        zongpaiNo: '26B1',
+        boxNo: 7,
+        quantity: 2,
+      );
+
+      expect(result.success, isFalse);
+      expect(result.errorKind, BoxingActionErrorKind.duplicate);
+      expect(result.boxNo, 7);
+    });
+
+    test('updateBoxRecord maps network errors', () async {
+      final actions = BoxingApiActions(
+        apiService: ApiService(
+          client: _MockClient((_) async {
+            throw Exception('Connection refused');
+          }),
+        ),
+        loadApiUrl: () async => 'http://localhost',
+      );
+
+      final result = await actions.updateBoxRecord(
+        boxItemId: 1,
+        boxNo: 2,
+        quantity: 3,
+      );
+
+      expect(result.success, isFalse);
+      expect(result.errorKind, BoxingActionErrorKind.network);
+      expect(result.errorMessage, BoxingApiActions.networkErrorMessage);
+    });
+
+    test('deleteBoxRecord passes through success and backend errors', () async {
+      var calls = 0;
+      final actions = BoxingApiActions(
+        apiService: ApiService(
+          client: _MockClient((_) async {
+            calls += 1;
+            if (calls == 1) {
+              return http.Response(
+                jsonEncode({'box_item_id': 1, 'deleted': true}),
+                200,
+                headers: {'content-type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'},
+              );
+            }
+            return http.Response(
+              jsonEncode({'message': '指定装箱明细不存在'}),
+              404,
+              headers: {'content-type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'},
+            );
+          }),
+        ),
+        loadApiUrl: () async => 'http://localhost',
+      );
+
+      final ok = await actions.deleteBoxRecord(boxItemId: 1);
+      final missing = await actions.deleteBoxRecord(boxItemId: 999);
+
+      expect(ok.success, isTrue);
+      expect(missing.success, isFalse);
+      expect(missing.errorKind, BoxingActionErrorKind.backend);
+      expect(missing.errorMessage, '指定装箱明细不存在');
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+class _MockClient extends http.BaseClient {
+  final Future<http.Response> Function(http.BaseRequest) _handler;
+
+  _MockClient(this._handler);
+
+  @override
+  Future<http.StreamedResponse> send(http.BaseRequest request) async {
+    final response = await _handler(request);
+    return http.StreamedResponse(
+      http.ByteStream.fromBytes(response.bodyBytes),
+      response.statusCode,
+      headers: response.headers,
+      reasonPhrase: response.reasonPhrase,
+    );
+  }
+}