diff --git a/src/main/bootstrap/main-window.ts b/src/main/bootstrap/main-window.ts
index 172b470..2f33ee3 100644
--- a/src/main/bootstrap/main-window.ts
+++ b/src/main/bootstrap/main-window.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { BrowserWindow, app, shell } from 'electron'
 import { join } from 'path'
-import { is } from '@electron-toolkit/utils'
 import icon from '../../../resources/icon.png?asset'
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'url'
 import { dirname } from 'path'
@@ -8,6 +7,10 @@ import { dirname } from 'path'
 const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)
 const __dirname = dirname(__filename)
 
+function isDevelopment(): boolean {
+  return Boolean(process.env['ELECTRON_RENDERER_URL']) || process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development'
+}
+
 export function createMainWindow(): BrowserWindow {
   const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
     width: 1200,
@@ -32,7 +35,7 @@ export function createMainWindow(): BrowserWindow {
     return { action: 'deny' }
   })
 
-  if (is.dev && process.env['ELECTRON_RENDERER_URL']) {
+  if (isDevelopment() && process.env['ELECTRON_RENDERER_URL']) {
     mainWindow.loadURL(process.env['ELECTRON_RENDERER_URL'])
   } else {
     mainWindow.loadFile(join(__dirname, '../renderer/index.html'))
diff --git a/src/main/bootstrap/runtime.ts b/src/main/bootstrap/runtime.ts
index 34b0a39..c441980 100644
--- a/src/main/bootstrap/runtime.ts
+++ b/src/main/bootstrap/runtime.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { app, dialog } from 'electron'
-import { electronApp, optimizer } from '@electron-toolkit/utils'
 import fs from 'fs'
 import { join } from 'path'
 import { ConfigManager } from '../services/config/config-manager'
@@ -12,10 +11,23 @@ export function configurePlaywrightBrowsersPath(): string {
 }
 
 export function setupElectronRuntime(): void {
-  electronApp.setAppUserModelId('com.electron')
+  app.setAppUserModelId('com.electron')
 
   app.on('browser-window-created', (_, window) => {
-    optimizer.watchWindowShortcuts(window)
+    window.webContents.on('before-input-event', (event, input) => {
+      const isReloadShortcut = (input.control || input.meta) && input.key.toLowerCase() === 'r'
+      const isToggleDevTools = input.key === 'F12'
+
+      if (!app.isPackaged && isToggleDevTools && input.type === 'keyDown') {
+        window.webContents.toggleDevTools()
+        event.preventDefault()
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (app.isPackaged && isReloadShortcut) {
+        event.preventDefault()
+      }
+    })
   })
 }
 
diff --git a/src/main/index.ts b/src/main/index.ts
index ee08f1e..2d34fb4 100644
--- a/src/main/index.ts
+++ b/src/main/index.ts
@@ -8,12 +8,10 @@ import {
 } from './bootstrap/runtime'
 import { setupProcessGuards } from './bootstrap/process-guards'
 
-const playwrightBrowsersPath = configurePlaywrightBrowsersPath()
-
-setupProcessGuards()
-registerMainWindowLifecycle()
-
 app.whenReady().then(async () => {
+  setupProcessGuards()
+  registerMainWindowLifecycle()
+  const playwrightBrowsersPath = configurePlaywrightBrowsersPath()
   ensurePlaywrightRuntime(playwrightBrowsersPath)
   await initializeMainProcessServices()
   setupElectronRuntime()
diff --git a/src/main/services/auth/auth-application-service.ts b/src/main/services/auth/auth-application-service.ts
index edfcc05..209701a 100644
--- a/src/main/services/auth/auth-application-service.ts
+++ b/src/main/services/auth/auth-application-service.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ import type {
 const log = createLogger('AuthApplicationService')
 
 export class AuthApplicationService {
+  private silentLoginPromise: Promise<SilentLoginResponse> | null = null
+
   constructor(
     private readonly sessionManager: SessionManager = SessionManager.getInstance(),
     private readonly updateService: UpdateService = UpdateService.getInstance()
@@ -25,6 +27,20 @@ export class AuthApplicationService {
   }
 
   async silentLogin(): Promise<SilentLoginResponse> {
+    if (this.silentLoginPromise) {
+      log.debug('Reusing in-flight silent login request')
+      return this.silentLoginPromise
+    }
+
+    this.silentLoginPromise = this.performSilentLogin()
+    try {
+      return await this.silentLoginPromise
+    } finally {
+      this.silentLoginPromise = null
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async performSilentLogin(): Promise<SilentLoginResponse> {
     log.info('Attempting silent login')
     const success = await this.sessionManager.loginByComputerName()
     const userInfo = this.sessionManager.getUserInfo()
diff --git a/src/main/services/config/config-manager.ts b/src/main/services/config/config-manager.ts
index b4a3a4c..bd05f81 100644
--- a/src/main/services/config/config-manager.ts
+++ b/src/main/services/config/config-manager.ts
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ export class ConfigManager {
     if (this.initialized) return
 
     // 检测是否为开发环境
-    const isDev = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development' || !app.isPackaged
+    const isDev = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development' || !(app?.isPackaged ?? false)
 
     if (isDev) {
       // 开发环境：配置文件放在项目根目录，方便编辑和调试
diff --git a/src/main/services/logger/index.ts b/src/main/services/logger/index.ts
index ed577f8..6764bca 100644
--- a/src/main/services/logger/index.ts
+++ b/src/main/services/logger/index.ts
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ export function setLogLevel(level: string): void {
 }
 
 // Add error-specific file transport in production
-if (app.isPackaged) {
+if (app?.isPackaged) {
   logger.add(
     new DailyRotateFile({
       filename: path.join(getLogDir(), 'error-%DATE%.log'),
diff --git a/src/main/services/update/update-service.ts b/src/main/services/update/update-service.ts
index 296fe54..a8f3762 100644
--- a/src/main/services/update/update-service.ts
+++ b/src/main/services/update/update-service.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ function appendPortableLaunchLog(
 }
 
 function getCurrentAppVersion(): string {
-  return typeof app.getVersion === 'function' ? app.getVersion() : '0.0.0'
+  return typeof app?.getVersion === 'function' ? app.getVersion() : '0.0.0'
 }
 
 function getCurrentChannel(): ReleaseChannel {
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ function getSupportState(config: UpdateConfig | null): {
     return { supported: false, reason: '当前仅支持 Windows 自动更新' }
   }
 
-  if (app.isPackaged) {
+  if (app?.isPackaged) {
     return { supported: true }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/main/services/user/session-manager.ts b/src/main/services/user/session-manager.ts
index 03c5b76..aba523b 100644
--- a/src/main/services/user/session-manager.ts
+++ b/src/main/services/user/session-manager.ts
@@ -43,9 +43,10 @@ export class SessionManager {
    * @returns True if login successful, false otherwise
    */
   public async login(username: string, password: string): Promise<boolean> {
+    let dao: InstanceType<(typeof import('./bip-users-dao'))['BIPUsersDAO']> | null = null
     try {
       const { BIPUsersDAO } = await import('./bip-users-dao')
-      const dao = new BIPUsersDAO()
+      dao = new BIPUsersDAO()
       const userInfo = await dao.authenticate(username, password)
 
       if (userInfo) {
@@ -60,6 +61,12 @@ export class SessionManager {
     } catch (error) {
       console.error('[SessionManager] Login error:', error)
       return false
+    } finally {
+      if (dao) {
+        await dao.disconnect().catch((error) => {
+          console.error('[SessionManager] Login disconnect error:', error)
+        })
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -68,10 +75,11 @@ export class SessionManager {
    * @returns True if login successful, false otherwise
    */
   public async loginByComputerName(): Promise<boolean> {
+    let dao: InstanceType<(typeof import('./bip-users-dao'))['BIPUsersDAO']> | null = null
     try {
       const { BIPUsersDAO } = await import('./bip-users-dao')
       const { hostname } = await import('os')
-      const dao = new BIPUsersDAO()
+      dao = new BIPUsersDAO()
       const computerName = hostname()
       const userInfo = await dao.authenticateByComputerName(computerName)
 
@@ -87,6 +95,12 @@ export class SessionManager {
     } catch (error) {
       console.error('[SessionManager] Silent login error:', error)
       return false
+    } finally {
+      if (dao) {
+        await dao.disconnect().catch((error) => {
+          console.error('[SessionManager] Silent login disconnect error:', error)
+        })
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -174,13 +188,20 @@ export class SessionManager {
    * Get all users from database (for Admin user selection)
    */
   public async getAllUsers(): Promise<UserInfo[]> {
+    let dao: InstanceType<(typeof import('./bip-users-dao'))['BIPUsersDAO']> | null = null
     try {
       const { BIPUsersDAO } = await import('./bip-users-dao')
-      const dao = new BIPUsersDAO()
+      dao = new BIPUsersDAO()
       return await dao.getAllUsers()
     } catch (error) {
       console.error('[SessionManager] Get all users error:', error)
       return []
+    } finally {
+      if (dao) {
+        await dao.disconnect().catch((error) => {
+          console.error('[SessionManager] Get all users disconnect error:', error)
+        })
+      }
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/App.tsx b/src/renderer/src/App.tsx
index d85b8bd..cd389f9 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/App.tsx
+++ b/src/renderer/src/App.tsx
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ function App(): React.JSX.Element {
   const [updateStatus, setUpdateStatus] = useState<UpdateStatus | null>(null)
   const [updateCatalog, setUpdateCatalog] = useState<UpdateDialogCatalog | null>(null)
   const [showUpdateDialog, setShowUpdateDialog] = useState(false)
+  const authInitializationStartedRef = React.useRef(false)
 
   // Load error message from sessionStorage
   const showError = (message: string) => {
@@ -145,6 +146,12 @@ function App(): React.JSX.Element {
 
   // Initialize authentication on mount
   useEffect(() => {
+    if (authInitializationStartedRef.current) {
+      logger.debug('Skipping duplicate auth initialization effect')
+      return
+    }
+
+    authInitializationStartedRef.current = true
     logger.info('=== Initializing auth... ===')
     void initializeAuth()
   }, [initializeAuth, logger])
diff --git a/src/renderer/src/hooks/useLogger.ts b/src/renderer/src/hooks/useLogger.ts
index 6ede348..88efcfc 100644
--- a/src/renderer/src/hooks/useLogger.ts
+++ b/src/renderer/src/hooks/useLogger.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback } from 'react'
+import { useCallback, useMemo } from 'react'
 import type { LogLevel } from '../../../shared/ipc-channels'
 
 /**
@@ -70,33 +70,24 @@ export function useLogger(context: string): RendererLogger {
   )
 
   // Return memoized logger methods
-  return {
-    log: logger,
-    info: useCallback(
-      (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => {
+  return useMemo(
+    () => ({
+      log: logger,
+      info: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => {
         logger('info', message, meta)
       },
-      [logger]
-    ),
-    warn: useCallback(
-      (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => {
+      warn: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => {
         logger('warn', message, meta)
       },
-      [logger]
-    ),
-    error: useCallback(
-      (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => {
+      error: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => {
         logger('error', message, meta)
       },
-      [logger]
-    ),
-    debug: useCallback(
-      (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => {
+      debug: (message: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => {
         logger('debug', message, meta)
-      },
-      [logger]
-    )
-  }
+      }
+    }),
+    [logger]
+  )
 }
 
 /**