diff --git a/src/sync/access_reader.py b/src/sync/access_reader.py
index 5e3b294..3189f32 100644
--- a/src/sync/access_reader.py
+++ b/src/sync/access_reader.py
@@ -111,8 +111,16 @@ class AccessReader:
                     )
                     total += cur.rowcount
                     break
-                except pyodbc.OperationalError:
-                    if attempt < retries - 1:
+                except pyodbc.Error as e:
+                    # ACE ODBC reports lock contention ("无法更新；当前被锁定。
+                    # (-1102)") as a generic ``pyodbc.Error`` (HY000), NOT as
+                    # ``pyodbc.OperationalError`` — so the old handler silently
+                    # missed it and gave up after the first collision. Retry only
+                    # on lock messages; re-raise anything else so genuine errors
+                    # surface immediately instead of being retried 3×.
+                    msg = str(e)
+                    is_lock = "被锁定" in msg or "-1102" in msg
+                    if is_lock and attempt < retries - 1:
                         time.sleep(0.2 * (attempt + 1))
                     else:
                         raise